Astronomy Practice Exam

What aspect of ancient navigation relied on astronomical observations?

1. Tracking weather patterns

2. Measuring distances

3. Finding latitude using the North Star

4. Predicting tides

The correct answer is: Finding latitude using the North Star

Finding latitude using the North Star is a key aspect of ancient navigation that heavily relied on astronomical observations. Mariners and explorers used the position of celestial bodies to determine their geographical location. The North Star, or Polaris, is particularly significant in this context because it is located nearly at the north celestial pole, making it a stable reference point in the night sky for finding latitude in the Northern Hemisphere. By measuring the angle between the horizon and the North Star, navigators could calculate their latitude with remarkable accuracy. This method was vital for maritime navigation, allowing sailors to traverse vast oceans with a clearer sense of their position. Other stars and constellations were also used for guidance, but the North Star's fixed position allowed for consistent latitude determination. As a result, this technique facilitated safer and more effective travels across the seas in ancient times.